Sunday, June 17, 2012

GRAMMAR: SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Assalamualaikum & Salam 1 Malaysia.

semalam citer pasal Simple Present Tense kan, so hari ni nak sambung pasal Simple Past Tense pulak. Sebelum tu kita rungkai dulu maksud perkataan simple past tense dulu yek.
Simple - mudah
Past - telah berlalu
Tense - masa
So, keseluruhan topik ni adalah mengenai penggunaan kata yang menunjukkan peristiwa yang telah berlaku. Kalau nak tau soalan tu pasal simple past tense ke tak, cuba perhatikan perkataan2 di bawah ni yang menggambarkan masa suatu ayat atau peristiwa itu berlaku.

Yesterday
Last week / weekend
Last month / year
Last night
This morning / afternoon / evening
Just now
Few days ago

Examples:-
1. It rained last night. atau
    It was raining last night

2. We left at 1:00 p.m atau 
    We were leaving at 1:00 p.m

3. They played football yesterday. atau
    They were playing football yesterday.

Pada kebiasaan was dan were digunakan selepas subjek atau modified verb (kata kerja yang telah diubah) digunakan dalam ayat2 Simple Past Tense. Penggunaan was dan were hampir menyerupai penggunaan is dan are dimana subjek singular (seorang atau 1) kecuali You akan menggunakan was. Manakala subjek plural (2 atau lebih) menggunakan were. 

Pronouns                     Verb to be
I                                  
He                                 
She
It                                    was
Ali
The boy
The tiger
The box
==========================
You
We
They
Ali & Razali                   were
The girls
The tigers
The boxes

Jika anda menggunakan was atau were, gunakan verb  + ing. Bagi verb yang memang tiada perubahan bentuk atau memang tidak menggunakan "ing".., gunakan tanpa "ing".Lihat contoh di bawah bersama-sama dengan kesilapan yang biasa dilakukan. Perhatikan penggunaan Verb (hijau) yang betul ya. 

1. I was cooking just now. (betul)
    I was cooked just now. (salah)
    I cooked just now. (betul)

2. The boys were climbing the hill last weekend. (betul)
    The boys were climbed the hill last weekend. (salah)
    The boys climbed the hill last weekend. (betul)

3. Sew Mei was cleaning up her room. (betul)
    Sew Mei was cleaned up her room. (salah)
    Sew Mei cleaned up her room. (betul)

4. They were refuse to tell us what was in the box. (betul)
    They were refused to tell us what was in the box. (salah)
    They refused to tell us what was in the box. (betul)


5. We were reading the storybook this morning. (betul)
    We were read the story book this morning. (salah)
    We read the story book this morning. (betul)


Emmm, kalau anda nak bercerita pasal orang atau haiwan yang telah meninggal dunia atau mati, anda mesti gunakan past tense juga. Lihat contoh kat bawah ni:-

My father died twelve years ago. He was a loving father.


Atau kalau anda nak carita pasal hari kelahiran anda....

I was born on 16th February 1974. It was a bright Saturday.

Ok? Kalau masih tak ok, jom kita selongkar lagi. Mamy tau perkara yang sering menghantui kita masa nak buat ayat simple past tense ialah masalah modified verb (kata kerja yang telah diubah)..kan,kan...... Ok jom kita, pergi satu demi satu ya.

1. Kebanyakan kata kerja akan menggunakan akhiran "ed". Macam ni...:-

Verb which ends with "ed"
Study => studied
Played => played
Wait => waited
Stop => stopped
Climb => climbed
Destroy => destroyed
Delay => delayed
Carry => carried
Cry => cried
Look => looked
Walk => walked
talk => talked
Enter => entered
Close => closed
Open => opened
Switch => switched
and many more.......

2. Ada juga beberapa kata kerja yang langsung berubah dari segi ejaannya. Macam ni....:-

Eat => ate
Ride => rode
Fall => fell
Feel => felt
Swim => swam
Write => wrote
Go => went
Win => won
Sing => sang
Drink => drank
See => saw
Make => made
Sit => sat
Lose => lost
Give => gave
Run => ran
Come => came
Fly => flew
Buy => bought
Bring => brought 
Dig => dug
Catch => caught
Bite => bit
Sleep => slept
break => broke
Lead => led
Have / has => had
Leave => left
and many more......

3. Namun ader juge kata kerja yang langsung tidak berubah. Macam ni...:-

Read => read
Let => let
Hit => hit
Put => put
Cost => cost
Beat => beat

Orait? So apa benda yang kita perlu kita ingat semasa menceritakan peristiwa masa lalu?

1. Bila gunakan was atau were, gunakan verb + "ing" atau verb sahaja (yg tiada perubahan)

2. Dalam kebanyakan ayat, JANGAN gunakan modified verb bersama dengan was atau were.

3. Sentiasa cari perhatikan perkataan2 yang menggambarkan masa atau waktu peristiwa dalam sesuatu ayat.

4. Gunakan pronouns (kata ganti) yang betul bersama verb to be (kata kerja yang bakal) yang sesuai. 

Ok... bila dah abis baca mestilah nak test power kan. Apa kata anda cuba jawab soalan2 kat bawah ni. kalau banyak yang betul.., ertinya faham lah tu. Kalau banyak salah.., kena baca dan ulangkaji lagi ya. Selamat mencuba...!


8 comments:

Unknown said...

Terima kasih sgt2 menbantu saya..sy sudah msuk u tetapi benda2 ni byk sy lupe..

Unknown said...

Terima kasih sgt2 menbantu saya..sy sudah msuk u tetapi benda2 ni byk sy lupe..

Unknown said...

Buat rujukan utk anak2...terima kasih utk ilmu yg diberikan.

Unknown said...

Buat rujukan utk anak2...terima kasih utk ilmu yg diberikan.

SyuQie said...

is this are good but have /has not verb

SyuQie said...

many are good but have/has no verbs

Unknown said...

Trima kasih utk ilmunyaa .. bnyk mmbantu 😉

Unknown said...

Terima kasih untuk ilmunya . Banyak membantu 😉

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