GRAMMAR: SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Assalamualaikum & Salam 1 Malaysia.

semalam citer pasal Simple Present Tense kan, so hari ni nak sambung pasal Simple Past Tense pulak. Sebelum tu kita rungkai dulu maksud perkataan simple past tense dulu yek.
Simple - mudah
Past - telah berlalu
Tense - masa
So, keseluruhan topik ni adalah mengenai penggunaan kata yang menunjukkan peristiwa yang telah berlaku. Kalau nak tau soalan tu pasal simple past tense ke tak, cuba perhatikan perkataan2 di bawah ni yang menggambarkan masa suatu ayat atau peristiwa itu berlaku.

Yesterday

Last week / weekend

Last month / year

Last night

This morning / afternoon / evening

Just now

Few days ago

Examples:-

1. It rained last night. atau

    It was raining last night

2. We left at 1:00 p.m atau 

    We were leaving at 1:00 p.m

3. They played football yesterday. atau

    They were playing football yesterday.

Pada kebiasaan was dan were digunakan selepas subjek atau modified verb (kata kerja yang telah diubah) digunakan dalam ayat2 Simple Past Tense. Penggunaan was dan were hampir menyerupai penggunaan is dan are dimana subjek singular (seorang atau 1) kecuali You akan menggunakan was. Manakala subjek plural (2 atau lebih) menggunakan were. 

Pronouns                     Verb to be

I                                  

He                                 

She

It                                    was

Ali

The boy

The tiger

The box

==========================

You

We

They

Ali & Razali                   were

The girls

The tigers

The boxes

Jika anda menggunakan was atau were, gunakan verb  + ing. Bagi verb yang memang tiada perubahan bentuk atau memang tidak menggunakan "ing".., gunakan tanpa "ing".Lihat contoh di bawah bersama-sama dengan kesilapan yang biasa dilakukan. Perhatikan penggunaan Verb (hijau) yang betul ya. 

1. I was cooking just now. (betul)

    I was cooked just now. (salah)
    I cooked just now. (betul)

2. The boys were climbing the hill last weekend. (betul)

    The boys were climbed the hill last weekend. (salah)
    The boys climbed the hill last weekend. (betul)

3. Sew Mei was cleaning up her room. (betul)

    Sew Mei was cleaned up her room. (salah)
    Sew Mei cleaned up her room. (betul)

4. They were refuse to tell us what was in the box. (betul)

    They were refused to tell us what was in the box. (salah)
    They refused to tell us what was in the box. (betul)


5. We were reading the storybook this morning. (betul)
    We were read the story book this morning. (salah)
    We read the story book this morning. (betul)


Emmm, kalau anda nak bercerita pasal orang atau haiwan yang telah meninggal dunia atau mati, anda mesti gunakan past tense juga. Lihat contoh kat bawah ni:-

My father died twelve years ago. He was a loving father.


Atau kalau anda nak carita pasal hari kelahiran anda....

I was born on 16th February 1974. It was a bright Saturday.

Ok? Kalau masih tak ok, jom kita selongkar lagi. Mamy tau perkara yang sering menghantui kita masa nak buat ayat simple past tense ialah masalah modified verb (kata kerja yang telah diubah)..kan,kan...... Ok jom kita, pergi satu demi satu ya.

1. Kebanyakan kata kerja akan menggunakan akhiran "ed". Macam ni...:-

Verb which ends with "ed"

Study => studied

Played => played

Wait => waited

Stop => stopped

Climb => climbed

Destroy => destroyed

Delay => delayed

Carry => carried

Cry => cried

Look => looked

Walk => walked

talk => talked

Enter => entered

Close => closed

Open => opened

Switch => switched

and many more.......

2. Ada juga beberapa kata kerja yang langsung berubah dari segi ejaannya. Macam ni....:-

Eat => ate

Ride => rode

Fall => fell

Feel => felt

Swim => swam

Write => wrote

Go => went

Win => won

Sing => sang

Drink => drank

See => saw

Make => made

Sit => sat

Lose => lost

Give => gave

Run => ran

Come => came

Fly => flew

Buy => bought

Bring => brought 

Dig => dug

Catch => caught

Bite => bit

Sleep => slept

break => broke

Lead => led

Have / has => had
Leave => left

and many more......

3. Namun ader juge kata kerja yang langsung tidak berubah. Macam ni...:-

Read => read

Let => let

Hit => hit

Put => put

Cost => cost

Beat => beat

Orait? So apa benda yang kita perlu kita ingat semasa menceritakan peristiwa masa lalu?

1. Bila gunakan was atau were, gunakan verb + "ing" atau verb sahaja (yg tiada perubahan)

2. Dalam kebanyakan ayat, JANGAN gunakan modified verb bersama dengan was atau were.

3. Sentiasa cari perhatikan perkataan2 yang menggambarkan masa atau waktu peristiwa dalam sesuatu ayat.

4. Gunakan pronouns (kata ganti) yang betul bersama verb to be (kata kerja yang bakal) yang sesuai. 

Ok... bila dah abis baca mestilah nak test power kan. Apa kata anda cuba jawab soalan2 kat bawah ni. kalau banyak yang betul.., ertinya faham lah tu. Kalau banyak salah.., kena baca dan ulangkaji lagi ya. Selamat mencuba...!