GRAMMAR: CONJUNCTIONS

Assalamualaikum & Salam 1 Malaysia.

Dalam Bahasa Malaysia, ia dikenali sebagai Kata Hubung. Haaaa.... ada belajar kan? Kalau tak ingat ... ha.. masalah tu. Kata hubung terbahagi kepada beberapa jenis dan ia digunakan untuk menyambung 2 atau lebih ayat tunggal. Bahasa Inggeris juga mempunyai beberapa kata hubung yang hampir sama penggunaannya dengan kata hubung Bahasa Malaysia. So, ini mesti mudah untuk difahami.

Dalam BI terdapat 9 jenis kata hubung yang biasa digunakan. Berikut ialah huraiannya beserta dengan contoh2 yang berkaitan.

1. AND => dan
- digunakan untuk menyambung dua (2) perkataan, frasa atau ayat.
Contoh:-
a)Rokiah bought a pen. Rokiah bought a ruler.
=>Rokiah bought a pen and a ruler.
b) He came out. He took the book.
=> He came out and took the book.

2. BECAUSE / AS => sebab atau kerana
-digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebab.
Contoh:-
a) He ate little. He was not hungry.
=> He ate little because he was not hungry.
=> He ate little as he was not hungry.
b) She cried. She was not happy.
=> She cried because she was not happy.
=> She cried as she was not happy.

3. BUT - tetapi
-digunakan untuk menyambung idea yang berbeza atau berlawanan antara satu sama lain.
Contoh:-
a) This bag is cheap. This bag is lasting.
=> This bag is cheap but lasting.
b) Eliza is poor. She is beautiful.
=> Eliza is poor but she is beautiful.

4. OR - atau
-digunakan apabila terdapat dua tau lebih pilihan.
Contoh:-
a) You may read this book. You may read that one.
=> You may read this book or that one.
b) Do you like tea? Do you like coffee?
=> Do you like tea or coffee?

5. IF -jika atau jikalau.
-digunakan untuk menunjukkan keadaan atau syarat. Biasanya digunakan pada awal ayat.
Contoh:-
a) If it rain, we won't go out.
b) If we hurry, we might catch the 9 o'clock bus.

6. UNLESS - kecuali
-digunakan untuk menunjukkan penyelesaian suatu masalah.
Contoh:-
a) He won't come. You will have to fetch him.
=> He won't come unless you fetch him.
b) I can't finish this work on time. You will have to help me.
=> I can;t finish this work on time unless you help me.

7. SO / THEREFORE - jadi / oleh itu
-digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebab, pilihan keadaan atau syarat.
Contoh:-
a) He was tired. He sat down to rest.
=> He was tired so he sat down to rest.
=> He was tired therefore he sat down to rest.
b) Sunita wanted that bag so much. She bought it.
=> Sunita wanted that bag so much so she bought it.
=> Sunita wanted that bag so much therefore she bought it.

8. ALTHOUGH -walaupun
-digunakan untuk menyambung dua fakta kontras atau berlawanan. Biasanya digunakan pada awal ayat beserta tanda koma ( , ) sebagai penyambung.
Contoh:-
a) He was hurt. He continued playing.
=> Although he was hurt, he continued playing.
b) She was tired. She helps her mother wash the dishes.
=> Althought she was tired, she helps her mother wash the dishes.

9. EITHER... OR (salah satu / antara... atau) dan NEITHER ..... NOR (bukan sahaja tidak.... atau)
-digunakan untuk menyambung dua perkataan, frasa atau ayat yang mempunyai unsur pilihan.
Contoh:-
a) You can buy nasi lemak. You can buy rojak.
=> You can either buy nasi lemak or rojak. (Awak boleh membeli antara nasi lemak atau rojak)
b) He phoned her. He wrote her a letter.
=> He neither phoned nor wrote her a letter (Dia bukan sahaja tidak menghubungi atau menulis surat padanya) maksud ayat ni.., dia bukan sahaja tidak menghubunginya, malah dia tidak menulis surat padanya juga.

So, macam mana? Mudah je kan. Kalau masih kurang jelas, komen je kat respon ikhlas di bawah ni. Insya'Allah mamy akan cuba tolong anda agar lebih faham. Malam ni mamy tak sempat nak wat soalan. Insya'Allah, nanti mamy akan siapkan ye. Malam ni mata mamy macam ada besi pemberat. Nak tertutup je.

Akhir kata, selamat mengulang kaji. Wasalam.